Cycle of Bad Governance and Corruption. Introduction. One of the vexing issues bedeviling Nigeria in recent years has been the violent militancy in some corners of the country. The emergence of many of these militant groups such as the Odua People’s Congress (OPC) and the Niger Delta militants is the result of poor governance by the various military juntas that reigned for decades in Nigeria. The coercive nature of their military rule opened channels for abuse, including the abuse of office, corruption, human right violations, and gross disregard for laws by the military leaders; hence, the emergence of militant groups as a force intended to check the excesses of the military. However, militancy has taken on a full- blown violent dimension since the return of democratic governance in the country in 1. And the return of democracy after a long period of military rule has emboldened the chain of corruption in the country. This is evident from the arrests of numerous top state and federal government officials for diverting wealth derived from crude oil revenue. State governors and ministers have been arrested; some were convicted whereas others are being prosecuted in court for diverting, mismanaging, or outright theft of the wealth intended for projects to aid the people. However, militancy is due to variety of factors, such as ethno- nationalism, religious extremism, and separatist movement, and each group has its own desired objectives and methods. This article endeavors only to describe how poor governance has exacerbated the activities of Islamist violent militant group in northern Nigeria. The absence of projects and other basic needs have been responsible for the increase in economic and social gaps between the rich and the poor, and has led to a massive vacuum in infrastructural development. The result has been a continued level of poverty, illiteracy, and unemployment within the ranks of average Nigerians, thus creating the perfect arena for breeding violent militancy in Nigeria. Rotberg (2. 00. 4) observed that there is a link between poverty, poor governance, and state failure, and this combination provides a perfect breeding ground for militancy and subsequent instability. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa (Volume 11, No.3, 2009). Clarion, Pennsylvania GOOD GOVERNANCE, TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN NIGERIA By: Lemuel Ededegwa Odeh. The effect of bad governance. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa (Volume 9, No.3, 2007). One of the militant groups that emerged in northern Nigeria is the Jama’atu Ahlis Sunna Lidda’awati Wal- Jihad (JASLWJ), also known as Boko Haram, led by Mohammed Yusuf. The JASLWJ leader was closely related to some renowned figures in the Izala sect,1 as he was a former brilliant student of the late Sheik Ja’afar Mahmud Adam (Sani, 2. Ja’afar was an influential Izala- salafi adherent; he was assassinated by unknown gunmen in 2. Evidence suggests that Ja’afar and Yusuf parted ways before 2. Islam. Ja’afar had on several occasions in Nigeria and Saudi Arabia tried to admonish Yusuf to recant and reevaluate his stance,2 but Yusuf always refused to come to an understanding based on his principles, this subsequently led to the assassination of Ja’afar. This JASLWJ holds a puritanical view in adhering to Islamic injunctions and tends to have strong disdain for Western institutions due to the perceived belief that they support the inequitable political and economic system in Nigeria. This trend was amplified by the perception that the ruling elites perpetrated social injustice through the mismanagement of the collective wealth of the nation. The JASLWJ took the opportunity to propagate its doctrines in the heart of the teeming disgruntled population. At the same time, the JASLWJ was categorical in condemning democracy and its institutions in Nigeria, because they believed it was in direct variance with and contradicted the teachings of Islam. They blamed all the ills of the nation as consequences of deviating from the teachings of Islam. The President of the Civil Rights Congress in Nigeria categorically sums up the intricacies following the rise of the group, and suggests that. Yusuf took advantage of poor quality of our educational system, the incessant strikes, and cult activities. And as he pointed out such failures, citing verses of Quran and the saying of the prophet, the youths saw him as the leader who will indeed deliver them from malevolence to the Promised Land. The JASLWJ strategy of using the holy Quran to captivate the mind of its followers (Walker, 2. Western civilization, has created an army of supporters. Nonetheless, this radical sect metamorphosed into a bloody violent group in 2. Nigerian security. This led to the death of about 8. Bad Governance In Nigeria Pdf To ExcelCook, 2. 01. 1), and the arrest of some of the group members, including their leader. The Nigerian police took the sect leader into custody; however, he died some few hours later under mysterious circumstances. Observers believed that he was extra- judicially executed as reported by the media (“Islamist Leader Killed in Nigeria,” 2. When Yusuf was killed, Abubakar Shekau became the new leader of the JASLWJ, and he is considered to be more aggressive than the late leader Yusuf (Zenn, 2. The consolidation of Shekau as the new leader of the group widens the parameter of the group’s radicalism. The two qualities of the new leader being more radical and intellectually inferior played a major role in radicalizing the movement after the death of Yusuf. From 2. 00. 9 onward, the country has been beset with internal war against a known but faceless group that has grown steadily more formidable. This group introduced a new dimension to its tactics by using suicide bombings to attack its targets. One of the first targets of the group was the Nigerian Inspector General of Police; he narrowly escaped when a suicide bomber targeted his vehicle within the premises of his office, a place previously considered to be one of the safest places in the country. This was followed by another suicide attack on the United Nations headquarters in Nigeria. Since then, the casualties of these hostilities have been in the hundreds, from civilians to combatants, as well as people across all ethnic and religious sectors of the country. Furthermore, although the JASLWJ originated in North Eastern Nigeria, it has enjoyed widespread support attracting members from across the Northern region of the country. Many young girls from this region were indoctrinated using verses of the Holy Quran, and were used as suicide bombers. A case in particular, in 2. Nexus among bad governance. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION. Girl Says Father Gave Her to Boko Haram,” 2. Islam is indeed the vehicle used by the JASLWJ for indoctrination, but this article has demonstrated how bad governance which has created myriad of problems such as unemployment is fueling the activities of the group. The absence of employment opportunities created by bad governance has increased the level of poverty and it has become more pervasive. Some JASLWJ members were arrested for attacking Ekklizivar Yan’uwa Nigeria (EYN) Church, and they revealed that they were paid about US$7. Ola, 2. 01. 2). This demonstrate the level of poverty, and the possibility of this is reflected in the very statistics mentioned in (Appendix A), which indicate that about 7. Nigeria is living in absolute poverty. In acknowledging this very fact, the then Chairman of the People’s Democratic Party (PDP), the ruling party, Bamanga Tukur, lamented to the upsurge of the activities of the JASLWJ, and he posit that “people feel aggrieved. They are angry because they are hungry. Unless we remove the hunger, we too may not be able to rest” (Fabiyi, 2.
Method and Data. The source of the data in this research was taken from a Ph. D research work. The study is based on semi- structured interviews with 5. Nigerian presidents, ministers, governors, lawyers, non- governmental organizations, senior lecturers, and journalists. The face- to- face interviews were conducted in Nigeria between December 2. March 2. 01. 2 in Abuja, Port Harcourt, Sokoto, Bayelsa, Kano, and Kaduna, whereas additional phone interviews were conducted in 2. Gombe, Yobe, and Maiduguri. The participants represented various religious and ethnic groups. The average recording time for each interview was 4. Documents were also obtained from major anti- corruption agencies such as the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission, the Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit, and the Independent Corrupt Practices Commission. For the secondary data, the study relies solely on reports from national and international newspapers and journals. Literature Review. The literature covering militancy in the northern part of Nigeria dwelled mostly on the origin and activities of the groups through their radicalization on a religious platform (Aguwa, 1. Ibrahim, 1. 99. 1; Isichei, 1. Smith, 2. 01. 0; Winters, 1. These studies gave the historical account and described the increasing level of sect rivalry among the various sects within the Muslims of northern Nigeria, as well as how the level of intolerance of other faiths in the northern region has heightened tension. Furthermore, while there is quite a bit of literature specifically on the current insurgent movement of JASLWJ in the northern part of Nigeria, there is a dearth of studies that tried to determine the extent to which poor governance and corruption has exacerbated the activities of the militant groups. Most of the analyses in this literature were based on the emergence of the group through a religious prism. Although Aghedo and Osumah (2. Boko Haram insurgency with the failure of leadership to provide basic needs, their study concentrated more on the radical ideology of the group, noting the excessive killings of non- Muslims as well as the attempt to impose shari’a, Islamic law, in the country. However, the group’s radical approach has led to the death of both innocent Muslims and Christians by suicide bombings and direct gun attacks. In his study, Adesoji (2. Islamic sects and their quest to implement the Islamic justice system in secular countries such as Nigeria. The study noted the strong correlation between inequality, poverty, and continued uprisings, be they religious, regional, or ethnic. Another study by Onuoha (2. Curbing Youth Restiveness in Nigeria: The Role of Information and Libraries, Stella N. I. Anasi. Introduction. Youth restiveness in Nigeria has been a prominent issue in recent times. There has been an increase in the occurrence of acts of violence and lawlessness, including things like hostage- taking of prominent citizens and expatriate oil workers, as well as oil bunkering, arms insurgence, cultism, etc., especially in the Niger Delta region. Nevertheless, youth restiveness is not a recent phenomenon. Various forms of youth restiveness that are economically, politically, or religiously motivated have existed for a long time. Elegbeleye (2. 00. Nigeria. Young people all over the world are a vital and important segment of the society in which they live. A disciplined, focused, and law- abiding youth can create a bright future for any nation. Conversely, a lawless, indulgent, and violent youth is a great threat to a nation's peace and security. Libraries play a crucial role in inculcating positive values, attitudes, and behaviours that promote harmonious relationships. Libraries help ensure that people have access to information that will help them make informed judgments and decisions. Definition of Concepts The National Youth Development Policy (2. They constitute about 4. Nigeria. The total population of youth between 1. Nigeria was 4. 5. Elegbeleye (2. 00. Information is new ideas or knowledge extracted from the environment for human use with the aim of modifying behaviour, effecting changes, and enhancing efficiency in all human endeavours (Ajegbomogun, 2. Information helps create enlightened and responsible citizens. The library is the gateway to information. It is a place where information is acquired, processed, repackaged, preserved, and disseminated. Relevance of Youth Youth occupy a prominent place in any society. Apart from being the owners and leaders of tomorrow, they outnumber the middle- aged and the aged (Onyekpe, 2. Besides numerical superiority, youth have energy and ideas that are society's great potentials (Onyekpe, 2. The National Youth Development Policy (2. Youth are the foundation of a society. Their energies, inventiveness, character and orientation define the pace of development and security of a nation. Through their creative talents and labour power, a nation makes giant strides in economic development and socio- political attainments. In their dreams and hopes, a nation founds her motivation; on their energies, she builds her vitality and purpose. And because of their dreams and aspirations, the future of a nation is assured. The statement above acknowledges the role of the youth in the peace and security of a nation. As the most active segment of any society, youth are the major determiners of peace and stability of a nation (Ozohu- Sulaiman, 2. Conversely, the degree of disorderliness and instability in society is also determined in part by youth. Peace is a precursor of development. The absence of peace means that no meaningful development can take place. The National Youth Policy (2. Causes of Youth Restiveness in Nigeria A number of studies have identified factors responsible for youth restiveness. Elegbeleye (2. 00. Another study carried out in Niger Delta region by Ofem and Ajayi (2. This implies that a catalogue of closely- related factors are responsible for youth restiveness. Bad Governance Good governance is required for the growth and development of any nation. Unfortunately, in Nigeria bad governance is more common than good, resulting in disjointed development. The World Bank (1. These and more are the features of most administration in Nigeria. For instance, Onyekpe (2. Nigeria have not allocated much to the needs of the youth, and, worse still, the meager allocation are often diverted by government officials to their private accounts and projects. Thus, youth are restive and agitated when they perceive that resources meant for them are being wasted by those in authority. Unemployment Unemployment is a hydra- headed monster which exists among the youth in all developing countries. Experts believe that the number of jobless youth is twice as high as official estimate. Ozohu- Suleiman (2. Nigerian youth are trapped by unemployment. Zakaria (2. 00. 6) believes that . These include aggrieved politicians, religious demagogues, and greedy multinationals that employ these youths to achieve their selfish ambitions. Zakaria (2. 00. 6) strongly believes that the absence of job opportunities in developing countries is responsible for youth restiveness with disastrous consequences. Poverty Poverty connotes inequality and social injustice and this traumatizes the poor. More than 7. 0 percent of people in Nigeria are in abject poverty, living below the poverty line, and one- third survive on less than US $1 dollar a day (Zakaria, 2. This figure includes an army of youth in urban centres in Nigeria who struggle to eke out a living by hawking chewing sticks, bottled water, handkerchiefs, belts, etc. The sales- per- day and the profit margin on such goods are so small that they can hardly live above the poverty line. Disillusioned, frustrated, and dejected, they seek an opportunity to express their anger against the state. Aworawo (2. 00. 0) and Zakaria (2. Nigeria. Inadequate Educational Opportunities and Resources. Quality education has a direct bearing on national prestige, greatness, and cohesion. The knowledge and skill that young people acquire help determine their degree of patriotism and contribution to national integration and progress. Between 2. 00. 0 and 2. Nigerian youth between 1. Population Reference Bureau, 2. Perhaps the prohibitive cost of acquiring education is responsible. The aftereffect of this situation is that thousands of young people roam the streets in cities in Nigeria. Those who manage to complete secondary school have no opportunities for tertiary education. Having being denied the chance to reach their potential, they are disorientated and readily available for antisocial actions (Onyekpe, 2. Worse still, some who struggle to enroll in various educational institutions drop out due to lack of basic learning facilities. This situation is attributable to the dwindling resources of government at both federal and state levels as a result of an economic meltdown. Lack of Basic Infrastructure Most rural communities and urban slums in Nigeria have no access to potable water, health facilities, electricity, communication facilities, industries and commercial facilities, etc. Behind social unrest and youth restiveness in the country is the agitation for equitable distribution of resources. Inadequate Communication and Information flow Communication creates room for sharing information. It helps people express their thoughts and feelings, clarify problems, and consider alternative ways of coping or adapting to their situation. Such sharing promotes social cohesion. People must have access to communication facilities, to communicate with the people making the decisions that affect them. Sadly, rarely do people in Nigeria participate in decision- making processes on issues that affect their lives. Ifidon and Ahiauzu (2. Niger Delta, revealed that inadequate communication and information flow is one factor responsible for youth restiveness in the area. Role of Information in Curbing Youth Restiveness Information is a critical resource for individual and collective emancipation and advancement. Sokari (2. 00. 6) agrees that information is necessary for people to be liberated from the shackles of ignorance, misconceptions, economic stagnation, social unrest, and political instability. Social cohesion cannot be achieved without timely, accurate, and relevant information. Information has been likened to a stimulus that can condition a person to a certain behaviour (Curras, 1. According to Ifidon and Ahiauzu (2. Information is a change agent, a reinforcer of ideas and opinions. It is the responsibility of leaders to ensure that youth have access to information that will guide their actions. Clearly, most Nigerian youth who participate in protests across the country are uninformed. Information plays a vital role in wealth generation. Information is the critical economic resource in today's world (Sabaratnam, 1. Youth must be economically empowered through access to business and economic information. They need information on employment opportunities in all nations and communities. Access to entrepreneurial information will make youth inaccessible to those who want to recruit them for anti- social actions. Nigerian youth as leaders of the future need access to a wide range of information which will help reposition them to take their rightful place in the comity of nations. Such information, according to Onyekpe (2. Nigeria, in comparison with the ignoble role of many youth today; sensitizing them to embrace the rule of law and democratic ideals; liberating them psychologically and mentally from the control of self- seeking business and political elites. Role of Libraries in Curbing Youth Restiveness There is a body of evidence demonstrating the importance of the library in the promotion of peace and social cohesion. Recent articles by Omotayo (2. Echezona (2. 00. 7) demonstrate the place of the library in curbing youth restiveness, in Nigeria in particular, and in Africa as a whole. The primary role of the library is to acquire, process, preserve, and disseminate recorded information. It is therefore the responsibility of the library to enlighten the youth and other members of the community it serves by presenting them with factual information that will guide their actions and help make good conclusion that will promote peace. This will reduce the amount of youth violence, acrimony, and confrontation. Omotayo (2. 00. 5) observed that: In war situations in enlightened societies, use of libraries increases as users flock to libraries to find information to guide them.
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Depending on the phase of composting, mesophilic or thermophilic bacteria may predominate. Actinobacteria- Necessary for breaking down paper products such as newspaper, bark, etc. Fungi- Molds and yeast help break down materials that bacteria cannot, especially lignin in woody material. Protozoa- Help consume bacteria, fungi and micro organic particulates. Rotifers- Rotifers help control populations of bacteria and small protozoans. In addition, earthworms not only ingest partly composted material, but also continually re- create aeration and drainage tunnels as they move through the compost. A lack of a healthy micro- organism community is the main reason why composting processes are slow in landfills with environmental factors such as lack of oxygen, nutrients or water being the cause of the depleted biological community. Adding a healthy person's urine to compost usually will increase temperatures and therefore increase its ability to destroy pathogens and unwanted seeds. Urine from a person with no obvious symptoms of infection is much more sanitary than fresh feces. Unlike feces, urine does not attract disease- spreading flies (such as house flies or blow flies), and it does not contain the most hardy of pathogens, such as parasitic worm eggs. Urine usually does not stink for long, particularly when it is fresh, diluted, or put on sorbents. Although metabolites of urea are nitrogen fertilizers, it is easy to over- fertilize with urine, or to utilize urine containing pharmaceutical (or other) content, creating too much ammonia for plants to absorb, acidic conditions, or other phytotoxicity. The term was first used in a 1. Joseph Jenkins that advocates the use of this organic soil amendment. It provides a rich growing medium, or a porous, absorbent material that holds moisture and soluble minerals, providing the support and nutrients in which plants can flourish, although it is rarely used alone, being primarily mixed with soil, sand, grit, bark chips, vermiculite, perlite, or clay granules to produce loam. Compost can be tilled directly into the soil or growing medium to boost the level of organic matter and the overall fertility of the soil. Compost that is ready to be used as an additive is dark brown or even black with an earthy smell. Unwanted living plants (or weeds) can be discouraged by covering with mulch/compost. Thermophilic (high- temperature) composting is well known to destroy many seeds and nearly all types of pathogens (exceptions may include prions). The sanitizing qualities of (thermophilic) composting are desirable where there is a high likelihood of pathogens, such as with manure. Composting technologies. Vermicast, also known as worm castings, worm humus or worm manure, is the end- product of the breakdown of organic matter by species of earthworm. Red wigglers are recommended by most vermiculture experts, as they have some of the best appetites and breed very quickly. Users refer to European nightcrawlers by a variety of other names, including dendrobaenas, dendras, Dutch Nightcrawlers, and Belgian nightcrawlers. Containing water- soluble nutrients, vermicompost is a nutrient- rich organic fertilizer and soil conditioner in a form that is relatively easy for plants to absorb. Because the earthworms grind and uniformly mix minerals in simple forms, plants need only minimal effort to obtain them. The worms' digestive systems also add beneficial microbes to help create a . The researchers found substantial reductions in heavy metals when the worms were released into the garbage and they are effective at removing lead, zinc, cadmium, copper and manganese. These effects have been used by Sepp Holzer to enable fruit trees to survive at otherwise inhospitable temperatures and altitudes.
THE COMPOSTING PROCESS: Fundamental Principles Defining the Issue No matter what technological approach is chosen, every successful composting process is governed by the same fundamental principles. A clear understanding of these. Home CompostingHome Composting “ In this case the adults of any number of cockroach species (such as the Turkestan cockroach or Blaptica dubia) are used to quickly convert manure or kitchen waste to nutrient dense compost. Depending on species used and environmental conditions, excess composting insects can be used as an excellent animal feed for farm animals and pets. The aerated base is just visible through the food scraps and bokashi bran. Bokashi is a method that uses a mix of microorganisms to cover food waste or wilted plants to decrease smell. After a few weeks, they would bury the waste. EM1 is mixed with a carbon base (e. The mixture is layered with waste in a sealed container and after a few weeks, removed and buried. A composting toilet collects human excreta which is then added to a compost heap together with sawdust and straw or other carbon rich materials, where pathogens are destroyed to some extent. The amount of pathogen destruction depends on the temperature (mesophilic or thermophilic conditions) and composting time. The resulting compost product has been given various names, such as humanure and Eco. Humus. It further prevents the pollution of ground water by controlling the fecal matter decomposition before entering the system. When properly managed, there should be no ground contamination from leachate. Compost and land- filling. There are process and product guidelines in Europe that date to the early 1. Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland) and only more recently in the UK and the US. In both these countries, private trade associations within the industry have established loose standards, some say as a stop- gap measure to discourage independent government agencies from establishing tougher consumer- friendly standards. Mechanical sorting of mixed waste streams combined with anaerobic digestion or in- vessel composting is called mechanical biological treatment, and is increasingly being used in developed countries due to regulations controlling the amount of organic matter allowed in landfills. Treating biodegradable waste before it enters a landfill reduces global warming from fugitive methane; untreated waste breaks down anaerobically in a landfill, producing landfill gas that contains methane, a potent greenhouse gas. Vermicomposting, also known as vermiculture, is used for medium- scale on- site institutional composting, such as for food waste from universities and shopping malls. It is selected either as a more environmentally friendly choice than conventional methods of disposal, or to reduce the cost of commercial waste removal. ECM - Schedule. Math Career Day. Invited Lectures 1. Contributed Session Block 6. CS- 1- BClassification of 4- Dimensional Nilpotent Leibniz Algebras Ismail Demir. Group Ring Over Polynomial ring. Manju Khan. About isotopy and pseudoisomorphy of loops. Fedir Sokhatsky. Iwahori- Hecke Algebras associated with Kac- Moody Groups over local fields. St. Ajeena. CS- 1. AMizar: a formal logical- algebraic approach to mathematics. Adam Grabowski, Artur Kornilowicz. Computable numberings in the hiearchy. Manat Mustafa. Rectangular Kronecker coefficients and plethysms in geometric complexity theory. Christian Ikenmeyer, Greta Panova. A generalization of the Stone Duality Theorem. Georgi Dimov, Elza Ivanova- Dimova, Dimiter Vakarelov. CS- 1. 1- ADiscrete complex analysis. Felix G. Hassan Farshbaf- Shaker. Numerical Methods for Total Variation Minimization. NOTE: This online catalog works best on a desktop computer with an updated web browser. Kilgore College 1100 Broadway Kilgore, TX 75662-3204 (903) 984-8531.Clustering is the unsupervised classification of patterns (observations, data items, or feature vectors) into groups (clusters). The clustering problem has been. This Web page portal lists over 1,500 technical reports published as part of the JHRP, and subsequently JTRP, collaborative venture between Purdue University and the.
Application to a Damage Model. Marijo Milicevic. Convergence of alternate minimization schemes for phase field fracture and damage. Dorothee Knees. Damage in solids coupled with various other phenomena. Tomas Roubicek. MS- 1. Combinatorics of Polynomial Systems (3) H0. H0. 10. 7Benjamin Nill, Otto- von- Guericke- Universit. Thieu Vo, Franz Winkler. Generalized solutions for semilinear differential inclusions in Banach spaces. Alina Ilinca Lazu. Extremal solutions of measure differential equations. Giselle Antunes Monteiro, Anton. Muslu. A corrector result for a wave problem with oscillating coefficients. Faustino Maestre, Juan Casado- Diaz, Jose Domingo Martin- Gomez, Julio Couce- Calvo. Adaptive Multi- Level Monte- Carlo method for stochastic variational inequalities. Evgenia Babushkina, Ralf Kornhuber. Some convergence estimates for abstract linear second order differtial equations with two small parameters. Rusu Galina, Perjan Andrei. MS- 0. 8 Collective dynamics in socioeconomic applications (8) H2. H2. 03. 3Marie- Therese Wolfram, Mathematics Department. Collective dynamics in socio- economic applications. Marie- Therese Wolfram. Inhomogeneous kinetic models for opinion formation. Bertram D. Bass Bagayogo. Improving on Shannon's. Data- Compression Principle. Izabella Stuhl, Yuri Suhov. Fast design of almost optimal nuclear reactor reload patterns. Roman Cada. CS- 9- BMultiply solitary wave solutions of the higher. Kd. V equations in a stratified shear fluid flow with a free surface Aly Seadawy. Instability of Bose- Einstein condensation on quantum graphs under repulsive perturbations. Joachim Kerner, Jens Bolte. On linear stability and dispersion for crystals in the Poisson- Schr. Semenov. Integrals with the Weierstrass Kernel and their application to hydrodynamics. Nino Khatiashvili. CS- 4- BInduced Dirac- Schr. Ziegler. 1. 6: 3. Mini- Symposia Block 5. Contributed Session Block 8. CS- 8- FAn adaptation of the two- scale convergence method for random homogenization problems. Carmen Calvo- Jurado, Juan Casado- D. Pelayo. On polycirculant graphs with semi- regular automorphisms with small number of cycles and their applications. Toma. Jones Doss. Acceptance Tail Method for Generating Random Variables. Efraim Shmerling. Solving Second Order Retarded Delay Differential Equation of Pantograph Type Directly. ZANARIAH ABDUL MAJIDCS- 9- COn some properties of Hencky- type energies. Ionel- Dumitrel Ghiba, Robert Martin, Patrizio Neff. The effect of inner core on Bi. PAS kinematic dynamos. Alhaji Bachtiar. Modeling of Natural Disasters via Cellular Neural Networks Approach. Angela Slavova. Two- dimensional $alpha$- fractional diffusion equation and its analysis. Yuri Luchko. Lie symmetry and exact solutions of some nonlinear problems for the simplified Keller- Segel model. Roman Cherniha, Maksym Didovych. New series expansions for Maass wave forms on the full modular group from eigenfunctions of the transfer operator of the Farey map. Claudio Bonanno, Stefano Isola. CS- 4- CMinimal surfaces from discrete harmonic functions. Wai Yeung Lam. Solvable Lie groups of negative Ricci curvature. Yuri Nikolayevsky. Minimal surfaces with finite total curvature. Skinner Skinner’s Theory “All we need to know in order to describe and explain behavior is this: actions followed by good outcomes are likely to recur. Skinner invented the operant conditioning chamber. 3 No hace falta mucha imaginaci. En Science and human behavior, Skinner extiende por extrapolaci CONDUCTISMO (SKINNER)El conductivismo es el conjunto de teor. Skinner). Existen muchas corrientes en el seno del conductismo, pero todas comparten los siguientes cuatro elementos: a) El objeto de estudio es la conducta, que depender. Esta engloba a toda conducta aparentemente espont. Ahora ya no se concibe al alumno como un sujeto pasivo que reacciona al est. De este modo, Skinner transform. Sin embargo, dicha repetici. Igualmente, puede funcionar en la educaci. OBJETIVOS EDUCATIVOSLos objetivos del conductismo consisten en lograr que el alumno adquiera destrezas, h. ROL DEL DOCENTEEl docente es el sujeto activo del proceso de aprendizaje, puesto que es quien dise. ROL DEL ESTUDIANTEEl estudiante es el sujeto pasivo, se considera que es como una . No se tienen en cuenta durante el proceso de aprendizaje la motivaci.
Bucknell University Electrical Engineering Program. Online courses support faculty innovation in teaching, by requiring professors to develop new courses. Each class is recorded and stored on a server, which allows for the ability to replay difficult sections as many times as is needed. Advanced Placement exams are offered in a variety of subjects, offering college credit for classes that you have done well in. Test yourself with free practice exams, before visiting the College Board website to register to take your actual AP Tests. If you earn a score of 3 or higher on an AP Exam, you may be able to receive advanced placement in college. Technical training programs are a low- cost alternative to attending a regular, four- year college, and you may earn good money as a highly- skilled, technical specialist. Information about Bucknell University mining engineering, registering in a technical degree program to develop job skills, and taking free practice tests online. Bucknell Engineering Camp Summer Enrichment Program - Bucknell University. Topics offered as chemical engineering electives include polymer science. The program requires an average of 24 months of full-time study. College Choice Ranks Bucknell’s Engineering Degree Program as 19th Best. Bucknell University biomedical engineering major Sarah Denning ’16 was a winner in. By taking some of your degree courses online, you also may be able to graduate earlier, saving money on tuition. If you're currently employed, you can take online courses in your spare time to advance your present career. Massive Open Online Courses are known as MOOCs, utilizing cloud- based software and Google apps. An online degree may be just as marketable as a college degree earned on campus. Udemy online learning, a site which allows anyone to take online courses, is a new startup with backing from the founders of Groupon.
Khan Academy now offers over 3,9. You. Tube. Coursera, another online- learning software platform, has millions of enrolled students around the world. Recently, MIT made it's open courseware platform available to students and instructors at no cost. Engineering Jobs - Listings. After several years in the workforce, graduates in certain fields can end up with higher lifetime earnings than students who have degrees from elite colleges. The key is to focus on your technical skill set, and build a portfolio of your work. Your resume must show a clear pattern of success over time, based on numeric results and personal achievements. Each link below lists current openings: Salary (up to)Aerospace Engineering$8. Applications Software$7. Automotive Engineering$7. Civil Engineering$7. Construction Management$7. Industrial Engineering$8. Manufacturing$1. 01,0. Mechanical Engineering$8. Petroleum Engineering$8. Project Engineering$8. Research and Development$8. Robotics Engineering$7. Test Engineering$7. VP Engineering$1. Source: Engineering Jobs, Bureau of Labor Statistics. The exam is open to anyone with a degree in engineering, or who is currently enrolled in the last year of an ABET- accredited engineering degree program. The exam is eight hours long altogether, split into two four- hour sessions. The morning session is a 1. Topics include: Probability and Statistics. Mechanical Engineering. Computer Engineering. Material Properties. Fluid Mechanics. Electricity and Magnetism. Thermodynamics. Biochemistry. Results are mailed approximately 2 months after the test date, and students who pass are designated Engineer In Training or Engineer Intern, depending on each state's engineering licensure board. After completing an 4- year apprenticeship, an EIT qualifies to take the Professional Engineer (PE) exam, for certification and licensure. For study purposes, an engineering testing handbook may be downloaded from the NCEES website, the National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying. Advanced Placement exams are offered in a variety of physical sciences, offering you college credit for honors- level classes that you have taken while still in high school. Test yourself with free practice exams online, before visiting the College Board website to register to take your actual AP Tests. If you earn a score of 3 or higher on an AP Exam, you may be able to receive course credits, or advanced placement, when you start college. You must request that the College Board send your official AP score report to the colleges of your choice, either at the time of testing or afterwards, through a score report request. Design Software. The rise of computer- aided software (CAD) has greatly increased engineering productivity. Physical conditions, such as light and shadow, can be simulated easily. Auto. CAD was released in 1. Solidworks 3. D- modeling software came out in 1. Built from 1. 99. LHC is one of the most advanced research facilities ever designed. LHC accelerates two high- energy particles in opposite directions across a 2. The particles travel at near the speed of light within two vacuum tubes, and are guided by superconducting electromagnets. These electromagnets are special in and of themselves, requiring a temperature colder than - 2. |
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